Database Analysis of the valvular affection in 4782 Echocardiographic examinations for patients with Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) at the Echocardiography Lab. Cairo University Hospitals

Abstract

Background: RHD is widely prevalent in developing countries all over the world. Database analysis of 4782 Transthoracic Echocardiographic examinations (TTE) for patients with (RHD) at the echo Lab was performed to study specifically the change of pattern in patients with RHD as regards detailed anatomical description of the valvular affection, detailed description of the associated functional abnormalities including valvular stenosis and incompetence and finally the prevalence of complications.

Patients and Methods: The study population consisted of 4782 TTE for patients with RHD at the echo-lab at Cairo University Hospitals. Statistical analysis was performed.

Results: 60.7 % of RHD patients were females (2906 TTE) and 39.3 % of RHD patients were males (1876 TTE). Mitral stenosis due to RHD was the most common valvular pathology due to RHD (87 % of RHD).

• Isolated Mitral stenosis due to RHD was (55.7 %  of patients having MS due to RHD)
• Combined Mitral stenosis & regurgitation due to RHD was noticed in (44.3 %  of patients having MS due to RHD)
• Aortic valve disease (AVD) due to RHD was (50.6 % of RHD patients)
• Aortic stenosis due to RHD was the diagnosis in (59.19 % of patients having AVD due to RHD)
• Aortic regurgitation due to RHD was the diagnosis in (40.81 %  of patients having AVD due to RHD)
• Organic tricuspid valve disease (TVD) due to RHD was the diagnosis in (21.5 %  of RHD patients) (TR 20.5 % & TS 1.0 % of RHD patients)

Conclusion: Echo is the current gold standard for accurately identifying and quantifying the type and severity of valvular involvement in RHD. Mitral stenosis due to RHD was the most common valvular pathology due to RHD.